eng Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering 2328-7357 2015-12-05 3 6 137 146 10.12691/ajeee-3-6-2 AJEEE2015362 article Raj Senani senani@ieee.org 1 D. R. Bhaskar 2 Manish Gupta 3 A. K. Singh 4 Division of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Sector 3, Dwarka, New Delhi, India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Greater Noida, UP, India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Greater Noida, UP, India OTA-C Sinusoidal oscillators are useful for implementation in both bipolar and CMOS technologies due to the complete absence of passive resistors, requirements of only OTAs and integratable MOS capacitors in their design with the advantageous feature of providing electronic tunability of the oscillation frequency through external current/voltage signal. In particular, the oscillator circuit topologies which employ a minimum number of OTAs (no more than three) along with a minimum number of capacitors (no more than two), along with both capacitors being grounded, are particularly attractive from the view point of IC implementation. This article shows how, starting from various known three-OTA-C oscillators, even if this may not be employing both grounded capacitors, new three-OTA-grounded-capacitor (TOGC) versions can be derived systematically using a theoretical framework based upon nullors. The workability of the new TOGC oscillator configurations has been confirmed by SPICE simulations based upon CMOS OTAs using 0.18µm CMOS technology process parameters and some sample results have been presented. http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajeee/3/6/2/ajeee-3-6-2.pdf sinusoidal oscillators operational transconductance amplifiers nullors analog integrated circuits