eng Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Cancer Prevention 2328-7314 2018-03-21 6 1 9 16 10.12691/ajcp-6-1-3 AJCP2018613 article Nassar Ayoub Abdellatif Omar 1 2 Amal Nor Edeen Ahmad Allithy 3 4 Nahed Mohammed Hablas 5 Ahmed Ragab Fakhreldin 6 Reham Abelsalam Mariah 7 Ahmed Osama Hammouda 8 Mongi Ayat 9 Sayed Mostafa 10 Mostafa Abu-el Naga 11 12 Salah Mohamed El Sayed salahfazara@yahoo.com, drsalahpediatr@yahoo.com 13 14 Department of Anatomy, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt Department of Pathology, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt Department of Pediatrics, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Gharbia, Egypt Department of Pediatrics, Aswan Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Egypt Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tanta Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Cairo, Egypt Internship Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt Division of Hematology, Taibah Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia 0Division of Cell Biology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Egypt 1Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh branch, King Abul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia 3Division of Molecular Medicine, Taibah Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) was reported to be related to occurrence of both biochemical and histopathological changes in hepatic tissue. DM-induced tissue damage and decreased immunity may favor carcinogenesis and tumor development in pediatric practice and adults. In this study, we aimed at investigating the hepatoprotective and tissue-protective effects of apple cider vinegar (ACV) against DM-induced hepatic derangements over a relatively long period (30 days). Effects were evaluated using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM in rats as an experimental model. Materials and methods: DM was experimentally caused by injecting one dose of STZ (65 mg/kg given through intraperitoneal injection. Thirty wistar rats were categorized into three experimental groups: control group, STZ-treated group and STZ plus ACV treated group 2 ml/kg BW). Animals were sacrificed 30 days post treatment. Results: Our study revealed that ACV administration induced hepatoprotective effects in diabetic rats. Biochemically, ACV reduced significantly serum glycemic values (glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol while high density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly increased). STZ-induced DM in rats was associated with marked fatty changes hepatocytes cytoplasm evidenced by accumulation of lipid droplets and inflammatory changes e.g. lymphocytic infiltration. That was confirmed by Electron microscopic evaluation that showed aggregations of polymorphic mitochondria, loss of mitochondrial cristae and condensed mitochondrial matrices. Hepatocytes cytoplasm showed vacuolations with a large number of variable-sized lipid droplets. Hepatocytes rough endoplasmic reticulum got distorted and fragmented into smaller stacks. ACV proved effective in reversing all these metabolic changes. ACV-treated hepatocytes exhibited minimal STZ-induced toxic effects. ACV enhanced recovery of the injured hepatocytes and normalized serum biochemical values. In prophetic medicine, Prophet Muhammad (Allah's apostle peace be upon him) strongly advised eating vinegar and considered it as the best edible as narrated in the prophetic hadith: "vinegar is the best edible". Conclusion: ACV is promising as a food additive or as a part of diet in diabetic patients particularly in early stages of DM. ACV slows down DM progress and causes hepatoprotection against the metabolic damages resulting from STZ- induced diabetes mellitus http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajcp/6/1/3/ajcp-6-1-3.pdf Streptozotocin diabetes mellitus apple cider vinegar liver rat