Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Biomedical Research 2328-3955 1 1 2013 08 12 Socioeconomic, Disease, and Biochemical Factors in Adherence to Anti Tuberculosis Treatment Regime in Benin City, Nigeria: A Comparative Study 80 85 EN A. O. Iyamu Onyeneke E. C J. E. Ugheoke W. A. Adisa Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria N. Akpede O. Aigbe G. Oko-Oboh AJBR2013143 10.12691/ajbr-1-4-3 2013 02 28 2013 07 25 2013 08 12 Tuberculosis is a re-emergent disease of great epidemiological concern with the directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) recommended by the World Health Organization falling short of targeted expectations. The aim was to compare the impact of socioeconomic, disease, and biochemical factors on the decision of patients to return to (comply with) the six-month treatment schedule. Effects of education, age, occupational and marital (socioeconomic) and biochemical (drug side effects and values of biochemical indices of liver function) factors were compared between 52 SLR and 49 SNR patients. The results suggest that socioeconomic factors play a more prominent role than factors related to drug side effects in determining whether a patient returns to treatment after initial stoppage. A more integrated multi-disciplinary approach to DOTS administration with professional and social inputs is recommended