eng Science and Education Publishing Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2328-3920 2023-05-18 11 2 64 70 10.12691/aees-11-2-4 AEES20231124 article Saif Ali 1 Bhavtosh Sharma bhavtoshchem22@gmail.com 2 Kanchan Deoli 3 Deepika Saini 4 Mamta Bisht 5 Sri Guru Ram Rai University (SGRRU), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India Water Quality Analysis Laboratory, Uttarakhand Science Education & Research Centre (USERC), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India Sustainability Cluster (HSE & Civil), University of Petrolium & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India Department of Zoology, Chaman Lal Mahavidyalaya, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India Water resources are polluted by anthropogenic causes like domestic, agricultural waste and industrial activities. Chemical methods of treating waste water have shown great impact on lives of people as well as other microorganisms. When waste compounds are dumped into water bodies, biological reactions begin that consume oxygen as the organic matter which is broken down by the naturally occurring microorganisms. This review discusses the different methods of waste water treatment using environmental sustainable technique called Bioremediation. A waste management technique called bioremediation uses living organisms to neutralize or eliminate dangerous chemicals from contaminated environments. The environmental science of bioremediation accelerates normal biological processes in order to correct or clean up the contaminated soil and the groundwater also. Presence of heavy metals in water poses a significant ecological threat and one of the most difficult environmental concerns worldwide. An efficient and environmentally favorable approach of bioremediation for treating pollutants has been demonstrated in the paper. In-situ and ex-situ treatments are the two main categories of bioremediation in waste water. Due to its sustainability with the environment and potential cost- effectiveness, microorganism-based bioremediation has a lot of potential for future sustainable development. The mechanisms and types of bioremediation have been summarized and explained herein. http://pubs.sciepub.com/aees/11/2/4/aees-11-2-4.pdf bioremediation wastewater treatment sustainability in-situ and ex-situ