Free Radical-scavenging, Nitrite-scavenging, and N-nitrosamine Formation Inhibitory Activities of Extracts from Kunlun Compositae Tea (Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.)

Xincheng Yao^{1, 2}, Ting Zhang¹, Hui Tang^{1, 2,} , Heng Wang¹ and Wen Chen^{1, 2}

¹School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R.China

²Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R.China

Cite this paper:
Xincheng Yao, Ting Zhang, Hui Tang, Heng Wang and Wen Chen. Free Radical-scavenging, Nitrite-scavenging, and N-nitrosamine Formation Inhibitory Activities of Extracts from Kunlun Compositae Tea (Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.). Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2015; 3(9):587-592. doi: 10.12691/jfnr-3-9-5

Abstract

Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt., Asteraceae, is widely used as an ornamental plant and as a popular tea production in China. In this paper, we report about the free radical-scavenging, nitrite-scavenging and N-nitrosamine formation inhibitory activities of ethyl acetate extract (EAE) and n-butanol extract (BE) of C. tinctoria flowering tops (CTF). The results showed the BE contained higher total phenolic content (TPC) , total flavonoid content (TFC) and total proanthocyanidin (TPA) contents with DPPH, ABTS and ^*OH radical-scavenging activities (IC₅₀) of 25.79±2.753, 26.61±3.158 and 2349.8±0.672 μg/ml, respectively. However, EAE showed higher radical-scavenging activities, with IC₅₀ ABTS and ^*OH values of 13.71±2.973 and 321.6±0.576 μg/ml, respectively. The nitrite-scavenging and N-nitrosamine inhibitory activities (IC₅₀) of EAE were 122.10±1.03 and 2362.86±11.26 μg/ml, respectively, whereas those of BE were 118.23±1.30 and 2182.79±10.74 μg/ml, respectively. Given these activities, we propose that CTF can be potentially used as a rich source of natural free radical and nitrite scavengers.

Keywords:
radical-scavenging activity nitrite-scavenging activity N-nitrosamine formation inhibitory activity Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Kris-Etherton P, Lefevre M, Beecher G, Gross M, Keen C, Etherton T. Bioactive compounds in nutrition and health-research methodologies for establishing biological function: the antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects of flavonoids on atherosclerosis. Annu Rev Nutr, 2004 ; 24, 511-538.
[2]	Gordon M. Significance of dietary antioxidants for health. Int J Mol Sci, 2011;13, 173-179.
[3]	Lee S, Kim S, Jeong S, Park J. Effect of far-infrared irradiation on catechins and nitrite scavenging activity of green tea. J Agr Food Chem, 2006; 54(2), 399-403.
[4]	Rundlöf T, Olsson E, Wiernik A, Back S, Aune M, Johansson L, Wahlberg I. Potential nitrite scavengers as inhibitors of the formation of N-nitrosamines in solution and tobacco matrix systems. J Agr food Chem, 2000; 48(9), 4381-4388.
[5]	Ban XQ, Huang B, He JS, Chen YX, Zeng H, Han L, Wang YW. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties of extracts from Coptis chinensis Inflorescence. Plant food hum nutr, 2011; 66, 175-180.
[6]	Kola OA, Janet JO, Ebenezer TB, Ogboma UJ. Antioxidant activities, total flavonoid and total phenolic contents of whole plant of Kyllinga Erecta Shumach. J Food Nutr Res, 2015; 3(8 ): 489-494.
[7]	Smith E, Parker H. A biosystematic study of Coreopsis tinctoria and Coreopsis cardaminefolia (Compositae). Brittonia, 1971; 23, 161-170.
[8]	Dias T, Mota-Filipe H, Liu B, Jones P, Houghton P, Paulo A. Recovery of oral glucose tolerance by Wistar rats after treatment with Coreopsis tinctoria infusion. Phytother Res, 2010; 24, 699–705.
[9]	Li Y, Chen X, Xue J, Liu J, Chen X, Wulasihan M. Flavonoids furom Coreopsis tinctoria adjust lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia animals by down-regulating adipose differentiation-related protein. Lipids Health Dis, 2014, 13, 193-200.
[10]	Jiang BP, Le L, Wan WT, Zhai W, Hu KP, Xu LJ, Xiao PG. The flower tea coreopsis tinctoria increases insulin sensitivity and regulates hepatic metabolism in rats fed a high-fat diet. Endocrinology, 2015; 156(6), 2006-2018.
[11]	Commissione Redactorum Florae Xinjingensis. Flora Xinjiangensis, Xinjiang Science & Technology & Hygiene Publishing House, Urumqi, Xinjiang. 1999, 93.
[12]	Lan S, Lin J, Zheng N. Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of Coreopsis Tinctoria Nuff. and optimisation of isolation by response surface methodology. Acta Pharm, 2014; 64 369–378.
[13]	Liang S., Ha M., Pang S., et al. Experimental study on hypertensive effects of extracts of Coreopsis basalis. Lishizhen Med Mater Med Res, 2010, 21: 1619-1621.
[14]	Mao X., Han X., Lu W., et al. Effect of the ethyl acetate extract from Coreopsis tinctoria nutt. on fasting blood levels and blood lipids in diabetes mice. Pharmacol Clin Chinese Mater Med, 2014, 30(2): 78-82.
[15]	Sun Y, Zhao J, Jin HT, Cao Y, Ming T, Zhang L. Vasorelaxant effects of the extracts and some flavonoids from the buds of Coreopsis tinctoria. Pharm Biol, 2013; 51, 1158-1164.
[16]	Yao XC, Zhang T, Shi R，Wang B, Chen W. Study on the determination method of total flavonoids in Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. from Xinjiang. J Shihezi Univ (Natural Science), 2015; 33(2), 183-187.
[17]	Yao XC, Gu CZ, Tian L, Wang X, Tang H. Comparative study on the antioxidant activities of extracts of Coreopsis tinctoria flowering tops from Kunlun Mountains, Xinjiang, north-western China. Nat Prod Res, 2015.
[18]	Yao XC, Zhu L, Chen YX, Tian J, Wang YW. In vivo and in vitro antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase, α-amylase inhibitory effects of flavonoids from Cichorium glandulosum seeds. Food Chem, 2013; 139(1), 59-66.
[19]	Choi S, Chung M, Lee S, Shin J, Sung N. N-nitrosamine inhibition by strawberry, garlic, kale, and the effects of nitrite-scavenging and N-nitrosamine formation by functional compounds in strawberry and garlic. Food Control, 2007; 18, 485-491.
[20]	Choi S, Chung M, Sung N. Volatile N-nitrosamine inhibition after intake Korean green tea and Maesil (Prunus mume SIEB. et ZACC.) extracts with an amine-rich diet in subjects ingesting nitrate. Food Chem Toxicol, 2002; 40(7), 949-957.
[21]	Woo J, Jeong H, Chang Y, Shin S, Lee C. Antioxidant activities of fractions obtained from flowers of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. Korean J Hortic Sci, 2010; 28, 115-119.
[22]	Deighton N, Brennan R, Finn C, Davies H. Antioxidant properties of domesticated and wild Rubus species. J Sci Food Agr, 2000; 80(9), 1307-1313.
[23]	Zalaru C, Crisan CC, Calinescu I, Moldovan Z, Tarcomnicu I, Litescu, S.C., Tatia, R., Moldovan, L., Boda, D.and Iovu, M. Polyphenols in Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. fruits and the plant extracts antioxidant capacity evaluation. Cent Eur J Chem, 2014; 12(8), 858-867.
[24]	Hwang I, Kim H, Shin S, Lee C, Lee J, Jang K, Jeong H. Biological activities of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. flower extracts. Korean J Hortic Sci, 2010; 28, 857-863.
[25]	Sun J, He X, Zhao M, Li L, Li C, Dong Y. Antioxidant and Nitrite-Scavenging Capacities of Phenolic Compounds from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) tops. Molecules, 2014; 19(9), 13147-13160.
[26]	Crisan CC, Buleandra M, Calinescu I., Zalaru C, David IG, Badea I A. Chemical Composition of the Aerial Part and Fruits of Coreopsis tinctoria. Chem Nat Comp, 2015; 51(3), 571-572.