Critical Review on Cosmologically Strengthening Hydrogen Atom

U. V. S. Seshavatharam^1, and S. Lakshminarayana²

¹Honorary faculty, I-SERVE, Alakapuri, Hyderabad-35, AP, India

²Deparment. of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-03, AP, India

Cite this paper:
U. V. S. Seshavatharam and S. Lakshminarayana. Critical Review on Cosmologically Strengthening Hydrogen Atom. Frontiers of Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. 2015; 1(1):37-42. doi: 10.12691/faac-1-1-5

Abstract

In the earlier published paper, the authors proposed that observed cosmic redshift is due to cosmologically ‘strengthening’ hydrogen atom. In this paper the authors reviewed the same with respect to earlier proposed black hole cosmology and Stoney scale and current cosmic back ground temperatures. In this proposed model ‘gravitational potential energy of proton’ and ‘ (2n²) states of electron’ both seem to play a major role. Throughout the cosmic evolution, Planck’s constant seems to be a constant whereas the currently believed ‘reduced Planck’s constant’ seems to be a cosmological decreasing variable. With this new proposal - Hubble’s redshift interpretation, Super novae dimming and currently believed cosmic acceleration can be reviewed at fundamental level and a correct model of cosmology can be developed.

Keywords:
cosmic red shift stoney scale cosmic back ground temperature gravitational potential energy of proton (2n²) states of electron black hole cosmology.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Hubble E. P, A relation between distance and radial velocity among extra-galactic nebulae, PNAS, 1929, vol. 15, 1929, pp. 168-173.
[2]	Hubble, E.P, The 200-inch telescope and some problems it may solve. PASP, 59, pp 153-167, (1947).
[3]	U. V. S. Seshavatharam, and S. Lakshminarayana, Role of Mach’s Principle and Quantum Gravity in Understanding Cosmic Evolution and Cosmic Redshift. Frontiers of Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, vol. 1, no. 1 (2015): 24-30.
[4]	U. V. S. Seshavatharam, and S. Lakshminarayana, On the Evolving Black Holes and Black Hole Cosmology-Scale Independent Quantum Gravity Approach. Frontiers of Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, vol. 1, no. 1 (2014): 1-15.
[5]	U. V. S. Seshavatharam, and S. Lakshminarayana, Primordial Hot Evolving Black Holes and the Evolved Primordial Cold Black Hole Universe. Frontiers of Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, vol. 1, no. 1 (2015): 16-23.
[6]	Hawking S.W. A Brief History of Time. Bantam Dell Publishing Group. 1988.
[7]	Friedman, A. Über die Möglichkeiteiner Welt mitconstanter negative Krümmung des Raumes. Zeit. Physik. 21: 326-332. (1924).
[8]	Sciama, D. W. The Physical Foundations of General Relativity. New York: Doubleday & Co. 1969.
[9]	Raine, D. J. Mach's Principle in general relativity. Royal Astronomical Society. Vol 171, pages 507, 1975.
[10]	David N. Spergel et al. Planck Data Reconsidered. http://arxiv.org/pdf/1312.3313.pdf
[11]	J. V. Narlikar. Introduction to cosmology. Cambridge Univ Press, 2002.
[12]	Perlmutter, S. et al. Measurements of the Cosmological Parameters Ω and Λ from the First Seven Supernovae at z ≥ 0.35. Astrophysical Journal 483 (2): 565, (1997).
[13]	J. A. Frieman et al. Dark energy and the accelerating universe. Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 46, p 385. (2008).
[14]	R.A. Alpher, H.A. Bethe, and G. Gamow. The origin of chemical elements. Phys. rev.73, 80, 1948.
[15]	Hawking S.W. Commun. Math. Phys., v. 43, 199-220. (1975)
[16]	Hawking SW. Information Preservation and Weather Forecasting for Black holes. http://arxiv.org/pdf/1401.5761v1.pdf (2014)
[17]	Ashtekar, Abhay Physical Review Letters 57 (18): 2244-2247 (1986)
[18]	Carlo Rovelli. Class. Quant. Grav. 28: 114005 (2011)
[19]	Hawking, Stephen W. Quantum cosmology. In Hawking, Stephen W.; Israel, Werner. 300 Years of Gravitation. Cambridge University Press. pp. 631-651. (1987)
[20]	G.J. Stoney, On the Physical Units of Nature. Phil. Mag. 11 (1881) 381-91.
[21]	Celso L. Ladera et al. The Virial Theorem and its applications in the teaching of Modern Physics. Lat. Am. J. Phys. Educ. Vol. 4, No. 2, May 2010.
[22]	P.J. Mohr, B.N. Taylor, and D.B. Newell http://pdg.lbl.gov/2013/reviews/rpp2012-rev-phys-constants.pdf
[23]	Michael O. Distler et al. Phys. Lett.B. 696: 343-347, (2011).
[24]	E.A. Nersesov, Fundamentals of atomic and nuclear physics, (1990), Mir Publishers, Moscow.