Applying Health Education Learning Package for Mothers Regarding Nocturnal Enuresis

Rasha A. Mohamed^1, , Ohoud Youssef El-Sheikh² and Ahmed Noaman³

¹Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt

²Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt

³Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

Cite this paper:
Rasha A. Mohamed, Ohoud Youssef El-Sheikh and Ahmed Noaman. Applying Health Education Learning Package for Mothers Regarding Nocturnal Enuresis. American Journal of Nursing Research. 2019; 7(4):561-573. doi: 10.12691/ajnr-7-4-18

Abstract

Introduction: Nocturnal enuresis is a common distressing disorder that carries a significant burden. This disorder has psychological, social and financial implications for the families and their children. Aim: This study aimed to assess the effect of applying health education learning package (HELP) on mothers having children with nocturnal enuresis. Method: A quasi-experimental research design with repeated measures was utilized. A convenient sample of (88) mothers and their children (88) was recruited from the urinary incontinence out-patient clinic that affiliated to Mansoura University Children's Hospital (MUCH), Egypt. Seven structured tools were used for data collection. Results: There were statistically significant differences in mothers’ knowledge, practices and attitude post-application of the HELP regarding nocturnal enuresis compared to pre-application (P=0.000). Additionally, the frequency of bedwetting and urination problems as polyurea and urinary tract infection among the affected children were decreased. Conclusion: Applying of health education learning package regarding nocturnal enuresis showed a significant improvement in mothers' knowledge, practices and attitude. As well, the associated clinical manifestations among the affected children were decreased post-application of the HELP. Overall, the studied mother found the HELP is useful and effective in solving problems of the mothers and children related to nocturnal enuresis.

Keywords:
health education learning package mothers nocturnal enuresis nursing

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Gunes, A., Gunes, G., Acik, Y., & Akilli, A. (2009). The epidemiology and factors associated with nocturnal enuresis among boarding and daytime school children in southeast of Turkey: a cross sectional study. BMC public health, 9(1), 357.‏
[2]	Elbahnasawy, H. T., & Elnagar, M. A. (2015). Psychological impact of nocturnal enuresis on self-esteem of school children. Am J Nurs Res, 3, 14-20.‏
[3]	Austin, P. F., Bauer, S. B., Bower, W., Chase, J., Franco, I., Hoebeke, P., ... & Yang, S. S. (2014). The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: update report from the Standardization Committee of the International Children's Continence Society. The Journal of urology, 191(6), 1863-1865.‏
[4]	Adam, A., Claassen, F., Coovadia, A., De Maayer, T., Fockema, M., Fredericks, J., ... & Levy, C. (2018). The South African guidelines on Enuresis-2017. African Journal of Urology, 24(1), 1-13.‏
[5]	Doganer, Y. C., Aydogan, U., Ongel, K., Sari, O., Koc, B., & Saglam, K. (2015). The prevalence and sociodemographic risk factors of enuresis nocturna among elementary school-age children. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 4(1), 39.‏
[6]	Walle, J. V., Rittig, S., Tekgül, S., Austin, P., Shei-Dei Yang, S., Lopez, P. J., & Van Herzeele, C. (2017). Enuresis: practical guidelines for primary care. Br J Gen Pract, 67(660), 328-329.‏‏
[7]	Rady, H., Elsayied, H., & Elhafez, A.(2017). The Relation between Parent’s Perception and Perceived Competence of School Age Enuretic Children.‏ Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 6(6), 42-54.
[8]	Mohammed, A. H., Saleh, A. G., & Al Zoheiry, I. (2014). Frequency of bedwetting among primary school children in Benha city, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 15(3), 287-292.‏
[9]	Ismail, A., Abdelbasser, K., & Abdel-moneim, M. (2013). Prevalence and Risk Factors of Primary Nocturnal Enuresis n Primary School Children in Qena Governorate-Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry & Neurosurgery, 50(2).‏
[10]	Von Gontard, A., Baeyens, D., Van Hoecke, E., Warzak, W. J., & Bachmann, C. (2011). Psychological and psychiatric issues in urinary and fecal incontinence. The Journal of urology, 185(4), 1432-1437.‏
[11]	Meydan, E. A., Civilibal, M., Elevli, M., Duru, N. S., & Civilibal, N. (2012). The quality of life of mothers of children with monosymptomatic enuresis nocturna. International urology and nephrology, 44(3), 655-659.‏
[12]	Duraphe, V. M. (2015). Management of enuresis: Need to focus on parents’ knowledge and practice. International Journal of Nursing Research (IJNR),Vol 1 (3), 139-145.
[13]	Anyanwu, O. U., Ibekwe, R. C., & Orji, M. L. (2015). Nocturnal enuresis among Nigerian children and its association with sleep, behavior and school performance. Indian pediatrics, 52(7), 587-589.‏
[14]	Cutting, D. A., Pallant, J. F., & Cutting, F. M. (2007). Nocturnal enuresis: Application of evidence-based medicine in community practice. Journal of pediatrics and child health, 43(3), 167-172.
[15]	Schiffman, J., Darmstadt, G. L., Agarwal, S., & Baqui, A. H. (2010, December). Community-based intervention packages for improving perinatal health in developing countries: a review of the evidence. In Seminars in perinatology (Vol. 34, No. 6, pp. 462- 476). WB Saunders.‏
[16]	Allanson, E. R., Tunçalp, Ö., Vogel, J. P., Khan, D. N., Oladapo, O. T., Long, Q., & Gülmezoglu, A. M. (2017). Implementation of effective practices in health facilities: a systematic review of cluster randomised trials. BMJ global health, 2(2), e000266.‏
[17]	Weaver, A. and Dobson P. (2007). Nocturnal enuresis in children. J Fam Health Care, 17, 159–61.
[18]	Osman, Z. H. H., Ali, S. A. O., & Kamel, N. M. F. (2016). Impact of an Educational Program on Mothers’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice regarding their Children with Nocturnal Enuresis. International Journa of Advanced Researchl, 4(6), 771-782.
[19]	Salem, M. E. A., El-Shazly, H. M., & Hassan, A. Z. A. (2016). Nocturnal enuresis among primary school children in Zarka district, Damietta governorate, Egypt. Menoufia Medical Journal, 29(4), 1025.‏
[20]	Theis A., Kraemer J., Clagett M. & Uhade R. (2009). Guide to Adult Education for Work: Transforming Adult Education to Grow a Skilled Workforce. National Center on Education and the Economy. Retrieved from www.ncee.org.
[21]	Friedman A.J, Cosby R., Boyko S., Hatton-Bauer J., Turnbull G. & The Patient Education Panel. (2010). Effective teaching strategies and methods of delivery for patient education: A Systematic Review and practice guideline recommendations. J Canc Educ. Retrieved from http://www.cancercare.on.ca.
[22]	Austin, P. F., Bauer, S. B., Bower, W., Chase, J., Franco, I., Hoebeke, P., . . . Nevéus, T. (2015). The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: Update report from the standardization committee of the International Childrens Continence Society. Neurourology and Urodynamics, 35(4), 471-481.
[23]	Aljefri, H. M., Basurreh, O. A., Yunus, F., & Bawazir, A. A. (2013). Nocturnal enuresis among primary school children. Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation, 24(6), 1233.‏
[24]	Wolfe-Christensen, C., Kovacevic, L. G., Mirkovic, J., & Lakshmanan, Y. (2013). Lower Health Related Quality of Life and Psychosocial Difficulties in Children with Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis—Is Snoring a Marker of Severity?. The Journal of urology, 190(4S), 1501-1504.‏
[25]	Fockema, M. W., Candy, G. P., Kruger, D., & Haffejee, M. (2012). Enuresis in South African children: prevalence, associated factors and parental perception of treatment. BJU international, 110 (11c), E1114-E1120.‏
[26]	Mckillop, A., Mackay, B., & Scobie, N. (2003). A programme for children with nocturnal enuresis. Nursing Standard, 17(43), 33-38.
[27]	Moulhee, N. (2012). Effect of the Educational Program upon Parents' knowledge of nocturnal enuretic children. World J Med Sci, 7(3), 137-146.‏
[28]	Elsaid, S. M. (2013). Impact of educational Programme on self Esteem of children with nocturnal enuresis and their mother's anxiety and depression, DN Sc (Doctoral dissertation, Thesis in Psychiatric Nursing, El Menoufya University).‏
[29]	Paste, R. (2018). Assess the effectiveness of planned health teaching on knowledge of mothers regarding nocturnal enuresis among children (age 5-10 years) in selected urban slums. Published by Innovational Publishers, INJP Vol 1 (1), 1-4.
[30]	Senbanjo, I. O., Oshikoya, K. A., & Njokanma, O. F. (2011). Micturitional dryness and attitude of parents towards enuresis in children attending outpatient unit of a tertiary hospital in Abeokuta, Southwest Nigeria. African health sciences, 11(2).‏
[31]	Schlomer, B., Rodriguez, E., Patel, N., Weiss, D., & Copp, H. (2012). PARENTAL BELIEFS ABOUT NOCTURNAL ENURESIS: CAUSES, TREATMENTS, AND WHETHER A PROVIDER CAN HELP. The Journal of Urology, 187(4S), e245-e245.‏
[32]	Fagundes, S. N., Soster, L. A., Lebl, A. S., Pereira, R. P. R., Tanaka, C., Pereira, R. F., ... & Koch, V. H. (2016). Impact of a multidisciplinary evaluation in pediatric patients with nocturnal monosymptomatic enuresis. Pediatric Nephrology, 31(8), 1295-1303.‏
[33]	Caldwell, P. H., Nankivell, G., & Sureshkumar, P. (2013). Simple behavioural interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (7).‏
[34]	Elsayed, E. R., Abdalla, M. M., Eladl, M., Gabr, A., Siam, A. G., & Abdelrahman, H. M. (2012). Predictors of severity and treatment response in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis receiving behavioral therapy. Journal of pediatric urology, 8(1), 29-34.‏
[35]	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010). Simply put: A guide for creating easy-to-understand materials. Strategic and Proactive Communication Branch, Division of Communication Services, Office of the Associate Director for Communication, Atlanta, Georgia.
[36]	Welber, M., & Feinberg, J. (2002). Save by growing your own trainers. Workforce, 81(9), 44-47.‏
[37]	Mumtaz, S. (2000). Factors affecting teachers' use of information and communications technology: a review of the literature. Journal of information technology for teacher education, 9(3), 319-342.‏