Histopathological Pattern of Endoscopic Gastric Biopsy in a District Hospital in Nigeria: A Review of 118 Consecutive Cases

BM Duduyemi^1, , BA Ojo², OO Olaomi³ and AS Atiba⁴

¹Department of Pathology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

²Department of Anatomical Pathology, College of Medicine, Benue State University, Markudi, Nigeria

³Department of Surgery, National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria

⁴Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

Cite this paper:
BM Duduyemi, BA Ojo, OO Olaomi and AS Atiba. Histopathological Pattern of Endoscopic Gastric Biopsy in a District Hospital in Nigeria: A Review of 118 Consecutive Cases. American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2014; 2(3):83-86. doi: 10.12691/ajmbr-2-3-3

Abstract

Background: The use of endoscopes for visualization of gastric mucosa has improved over times and in taking biopsy for histology. The study sets out to determine the histopathological pattern of gastritis in dyspeptic patients and correlate the histological detection of H. pylori with that of urease breath test (UBT). Method: Prospective study of 118 consecutive patients with chronic dyspepsia who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination and UBT using heliprobe. Biopsy of gastric antrum were taken at endoscopy and sent for histopathological analysis. Routine H&E and Giemsa stains were used. Results were recorded and analysed on the basis of sex, age, histology and UBT for H. pylori. Result: There were 118 patients who had endoscopy comprising 58 males and 60 females with male to female ratio of 1:1. Histology revealed varying degrees of chronic gastritis with or without H. pylori, activity, metaplasia, ulceration and dysplasia. Sixty eight (61%) of our patients were positive for H. pylori histologically. Of the first consecutive 66 patients, histology showed 38(57.6%) positive and 28(42.6%) negative; UBT, 46(69.6%) were positive for H. pylori and 20(30.4%) negative. There was a strong correlation between the true positive and true negative patients for the first 66 consecutive cases for both histology and UBT based diagnosis for detecting H. pylori. (Correlation coefficient=0.862, p=0.01). Conclusion: The study showed that histology and UBT are both useful for H. pylori detection. Large multi centre studies should be done to adopt the non-invasive UBT in resource poor economies for the eradication of H. pylori.

Keywords:
endoscopy gastric mucosa histology UBT H. pylori

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