Antibiotics Resistance Profile and Antibacterial Activities of Combretum micranthum and Combretum adenogonium Extracts on Clinical Isolated Vibrio cholera

Bawa Boya¹, Théodora A. Ahoyo², Haziz Sina¹, Victorien T. Dougnon³, Christine N'tcha¹, Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon¹, Delphine B. M. Amoussou², Charisse Sossa², Faustine K. Houssa² and Lamine Baba-Moussa^1,

¹Laboratoire de Biologie et de Typage Moléculaire en Microbiologie (LBTMM), Département de Biochimie et de Biologie Cellulaire, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 05 BP 1604 Cotonou, Benin

²Génie de Biologie Humaine, Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi, Benin

³Unité de Recherche en Microbiologie Application et Pharmacologie des substances Naturelles (URMAPha), Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Bénin

Cite this paper:
Bawa Boya, Théodora A. Ahoyo, Haziz Sina, Victorien T. Dougnon, Christine N'tcha, Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon, Delphine B. M. Amoussou, Charisse Sossa, Faustine K. Houssa and Lamine Baba-Moussa. Antibiotics Resistance Profile and Antibacterial Activities of Combretum micranthum and Combretum adenogonium Extracts on Clinical Isolated Vibrio cholera. American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology. 2019; 7(2):57-64. doi: 10.12691/ajidm-7-2-1

Abstract

Medical care has provided for the use of chemo-selective prophylaxis for doxycycline for patients, health personnel and contacts persons who have no contraindications. Therapeutic failures and the rising costs of treating infections caused by resistant bacteria call for alternative care options. To asses the antibacterial activity of Combretum micranthum and Combretum adenogonium extracts on multi-resistant Vibrio cholerae strains resulting from the 2012-2019 epidemic in Benin. Strains of Vibrio cholerae from the 2012-2019 outbreak and three reference strains (V. cholerae O1 URF-ECMI U67, V. cholerae O1 URF-ECMI U27 and V. cholerae O1 URF-ECMI U14) has been re-isolated on nutrient agar. Strains were identified using standard bacteriology methods (culture, biochemistry, serogroup). The study of antibiotic sensitivity was carried out according to the Kirby-Bauer technique. Strains were sensitive to C. micranthum and C. adenogonium extracts by the agar diffusion method. A total of 84.38% of the Vibrio cholerae strains were recovered. The strains showed resistance (100%) to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, ceftazidime and oxytetracycline while they are predominantly sensitive to gentamecine (88.46%) and ofloxacin (88.46%). Strains were resistant to Erythromycin (97.56%) and doxycycline (99%). The rate of resistance to Trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole is 70% of the strains tested. Resistance to doxycycline is 99% while 16.67% of strains tested are resistant to all antibiotics. Strains resistant to antibiotics were sensitive to C. micranthum and C. adenogonium extracts. All are sensitive to the alcoholic extracts of C. adenogonium and 75% are sensitive to the alcoholic extract of C. micranthum. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the extracts vary between 2.5 mg / ml and 10 mg / ml and the minimum bactericidal concentrations between 2.5 mg/ml and 10 m/ml. The high percentage of resistance to doxycycline and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole insists on reviewing the patient care’s protocol. C. micranthum and C. adenogonium will be an alternative for treating cholera in the community.

Keywords:
Resistance Vibrio cholerae O1 antimicrobial activities C. micranthum C. adenogonium

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