The Difference of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Levels in Moderate Malnutrition and Well-Nutrition in School-age Children

Asri Rachmawati^1, , Nanan Sekarwana¹ and Susi Susanah¹

¹Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. Indonesia

Cite this paper:
Asri Rachmawati, Nanan Sekarwana and Susi Susanah. The Difference of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Levels in Moderate Malnutrition and Well-Nutrition in School-age Children. American Journal of Clinical Medicine Research. 2018; 6(2):48-52. doi: 10.12691/ajcmr-6-2-5

Abstract

Background. The prevalence of school-age children with moderate malnutrition in Indonesia is high enough that growth monitoring and nutritional intervention in school-aged children are required. Moderate malnutrition in school-age children who are not well managed might reduce the quality of human resources in the productive age. Malnutrition can affects reduced protein synthesis, hypoalbuminemia, and decreased oncotic pressure, in addition to decrease in glomerular filtration rate and impaired tubular function. If the renal tubules damage, the level of Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) excreted in the urine will increase because NGAL can not be properly reabsorbed. NGAL is expressed by the tubules and passes through the urine quickly after the kidney is injured and inflamed. Methodology/Principal Findings. This was a cross-sectional study conducted from November-December 2017 in children aged 6–13 years old at Garuda Elementary School in Bandung. Subjects were selected through stratified random sampling. We got 39 children with moderate malnourished and 39 well-nourished children who met the study criterias. Weight, height and urine NGAL of subjects were measured. Nutritional status were determined using WHO Child Growth Standards. Urine sampling was done by collecting 10 ml of midstream urine in a sterile container, labeled with name, study registry number and date of material collection. The samples were then immediately sent to Hasan Sadikin Hospital laboratory. Urinary NGAL level was examined using ELISA method. Data analysis using Mann Whitney test. There was significant difference in urinary NGAL levels between well-nourished and moderate malnourished children (p<0.05). Median of urinary NGAL levels in moderate malnourished group were higher than in the well-nourished group with a difference of 43.6 and 95% CI between 38.3-50.1. Conclusions. The level of urinary NGAL (uNGAL) in moderately malnourished children were higher than in well-nourished children.

Keywords:
moderate malnutrtion children urinary NGAL

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