Numerical Modelling of RC Columns Subjected to Biaxial Horizontal Loading and Variable Axial Load

André Furtado¹, Hugo Rodrigues^2, and António Arêde¹

¹Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Department of Civil Engineering - Structural Division, R. Dr. Roberto Frias - 4200-465 Porto - Portugal

²School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Campus 2 - Morro do Lena - Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4163-2411-901 Leiria, Portugal

Cite this paper:
André Furtado, Hugo Rodrigues and António Arêde. Numerical Modelling of RC Columns Subjected to Biaxial Horizontal Loading and Variable Axial Load. American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture. 2015; 3(1):28-38. doi: 10.12691/ajcea-3-1-5

Abstract

Annumerical study of RC columns subjected to variable axial load in conjunction with biaxial cyclic bending are presented in this article. The numerical models were built to simulate the response of all specimens using the computer program SeismoStruct and adopting three different modelling strategies, such as lumped plasticity and distributed plasticity (based in displacements and forces formulations) that were adopted in order to obtain the real behaviour of the RC columns. The efficiency of each modelling strategy is evaluated through the comparison between the experimental global hysteretic behaviour, stiffness degradation, columns capacity and energy dissipation and the numerical results.

Keywords:
numerical modelling rc columns biaxial behaviour variable axial load

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Figures

References:

[1]	Bertero, V. (1986). “Lessons Learned from Recent Earthquakes and Research and Implications for Earthquake-Resistente Design of Building Structures in the United States.” Earthquake Spectra2(4): 34.
[2]	Bonet, J. L., M. H. F. M. Barros and M. L. Romero (2006). “Comparative study of analytical and numerical algorithms for designing reinforced concrete sections under biaxial bending.” Computers and Structures84(Issue 31-32): 2184-2193.
[3]	Bousias, S. N., T. B. Panagiotakos and M. N. Fardis (2002). “Modelling of RC members under cyclic biaxial flexure and axial force.” Journal of Earthquake Engineering6, No 2: 213-238.
[4]	Calabrese, A. (2008). Numerical issues in distributed inelasticity modelling of RC frame elements for seismic analysis. MsC, Università degli Studi di Pavia.
[5]	Calabrese, A., J. P. Almeida and R. Pinho (2010). “Numerical Issues in Distributed Inelasticity Modeling of RC Frame Elements for Seismic Analysis.” Journal of Earthquake Engineering 14(1 supp 1): 38-68.
[6]	Casciati, F. (1989). “Stochastic dynamics of hysteretic media.” Structural Safety6(2-4): 259-269.
[7]	CEB (1996). RC frames under earthquake loading. Lausanne.
[8]	Fardis, M. N. (1991). Member-type models for the nonlinear seismic response of reinforced concrete structures. Experimental and Numerical Methods in Earthquake Engineering. D. a. P. M. Jones, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
[9]	Filippou, F. C., E. P. Popov and V. V. Bertero (1983). “Modelling of R/C joints under cyclic excitations.” ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering109(11): 2666-2684.
[10]	J.E. Martinez-Rueda and A. S. Elnashai (1997). “Confined concrete model under cyclic load.” Materials and Structures30(197): 139-147.
[11]	Kunnath, S. K. and A. M. Reinhorn (1990). “Model for inelastic biaxial bending interaction of RC beam-columns.” ACI Structural Journal87 (3): 284-291.
[12]	Lejano, B. A. (2007). “Investigation of biaxial bending of reinforced concrete columns through fiber method modeling.” Journal of Research in Science, Computing, and Engineering4: 61-73.
[13]	Madas, P. and A. S. Elnashai (1992). “A new passive confinement model for transient analysis of reinforced concrete structures.” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics21: 409-431.
[14]	Mander, J. B., M. J. N. Priestley and R. Park (1988). “Theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete.” Journal of Structural Engineering114(8): 1804-1826.
[15]	Marante, M. E. and J. Flórez-López (2002). “Model of damage for RC elements subjected to biaxial bending.” Engineering Structures24(9): 1141-1152.
[16]	Marante, M. E. and J. Flórez-López (2003). “Three-dimensional analysis of reinforced concrete frames based on lumped damage mechanics.” International Journal of Solids and Structures40(19): 5109-5123.
[17]	Mazza, F. and M. Mazza (2008). A numerical model for the nonlinear seismic analysis of three-dimensional RC frames. The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, China.
[18]	Melo, J., C. Fernandes, H. Varum, H. Rodrigues, A. Costa and A. Arêde (2011). “Numerical modelling of the cyclic behaviour of RC elements built with plain reforcing bars.” Engineering Structures33: 273-286
[19]	Melo, J., H. Varum, T. Rosseto, C. Fernandes and A. Costa (2012). Nonlinear modelling of the cyclic response of RC columns. YIC 2012 - Young Conference. Portugal.
[20]	Menegotto, M. and P. E. Pinto (1973). Method of analysis for cyclically loaded R.C. plane frames including changes in geometry and non-elastic behaviour of elements under combined normal force and bending. Symposium on the Resistance and Ultimate Deformability of Structures Acted on by Well Defined Repeated Loads, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. Zurich, Switzerland: 15-22.
[21]	Paulay, T. and M. J. N. Priestley (1992). Seismic design of RC and masonry buildings - John Wiley.
[22]	Petrangeli, M., P. E. Pinto and V. Ciampi (1999). “Fiber element for cyclic bending and shear of RC structures. I: Theory.” Journal of Engineering Mechanics125(9): 994-1001.
[23]	Pribadi, K. S. and D. K. Rildova (2008). Learning from recent Indonesian earthquakes: An overview to improve structural performance. 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Beijing, China: 8.
[24]	Priestley, M. J. N. and R. Park (1987). “Strength and Ductility of Concrete Bridge Columns Under Seismic Loading.” ACI Structural Journal84(1): 61-76.
[25]	Rodrigues, H. (2012). Biaxial seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete columns. PhD Thesis, Universidade de Aveiro.
[26]	Rodrigues, H., A. Arêde, H. Varum and A. Costa (2012). “Damage evolution in reinforced concrete columns subjected to biaxial loading.” Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering.
[27]	Rodrigues, H., A. Arêde, H. Varum and A. Costa (2013). “Experimental evaluation of rectangular reinforced concrete column behaviour under biaxial cyclic loading.” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 43: 239-259.
[28]	Rodrigues, H., H. Varum, A. Arêde and A. Costa (2012). “A comparative efficiency analysis of different non-linear modelling strategies to simulate the biaxial response of RC columns.” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration11: 553-566.
[29]	Romão, X., A.A.Costa, E. Paupério, H. Rodrigues, R. Vicente, H. Varum and A. Costa (2013). “Field observations and interpretation of the structural performance of constructions after the 11 May 2011 Lorca earthquake.” Engineering Failure Analysis34: 670-692.
[30]	Romão, X., A. Costa and R. Delgado (2004). New model for the inelastic biaxial bending of reinforced concrete columns. 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
[31]	Saatcioglu, M. and G. Ozcebe (1989). “Response of reinforced concrete columns to simulated seismic loading.” ACI Structural Journalno. 86-S1.
[32]	Scott, M., G. Fenves, F. Mckenna and F. Filippou (2008). “Software patterns for nonlinear beam-colum models.” Journal of Structural Engineering 134: 562-571.
[33]	SeismoSoft (2004). SeismoStruc- A computer program for static and dynamic nonlinear analysis of framed structures [online], Available from URL: http://www.seismosoft.com.
[34]	Sfakianakis, M. G. and M. N. Fardis (1991). “Bounding surface model for cyclic biaxial bending of RC sections.” Journal of Engineering Mechanics117(12): 2748-2769.
[35]	Sfakianakis, M. G. and M. N. Fardis (1991). “RC Column model for inelastic seismic response analysis in 3D.” Journal of Engineering Mechanics117(12 ): 2770-2787.
[36]	Spacone, E., V. Ciampi and F. Filippou (1992). A beam element for seismic damage analysis. University of California, Berkeley, Earthquake Engineering Research Center. UCB/EERC-92/07.
[37]	Takizawa, H., M. Aoyama. (1976). “Biaxial effects in modelling earthquake response of RC structures.” Earthquake Engineering and Structural DynamicsV. 4: 523-552.
[38]	Taucer, F., E. Spacone and F. Filippou (1991). A fiber beam-column element for seismic response analysis of reinforce concrete structures, University of California, Berkeley.
[39]	Tsuno, K. and R. Park (2004). “Experimental study of reinforced concrete bridge piers subjected to bi-directional quasi-static loading.” Struct. Engrg Structures, JSCE21, No 1 11s-26s.
[40]	Vicente, R., H. Rodrigues, H. Varum, A. Costa and J. Silva (2012). “Performance of masonry enclosure walls: lessons learned from recent earthquakes.” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration11: 23-34.
[41]	Wang, C. H. and Y. K. Wen (2000). “Evaluation of pre-Northridge low-rise steel buildings. I: Modelling “ J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, V. 126(10), 1160-1168.
[42]	Wen, Y. K. (1976). “Method for random vibration of hysteretic systems.” ASCE J. Eng. Mech. Div.102(EM2): 249-263.